A 22.5-27.7-GHz Fast-Lock Bang-Bang Digital PLL in 28-nm CMOS for Millimeter-Wave Communication with 220-fs RMS Jitter
 
A 22.5-27.7-GHz Fast-Lock Bang-Bang Digital PLL in 28-nm CMOS for Millimeter-Wave Communication with 220-fs RMS Jitter 
 
Cheng Hsueh Tsai, Cheng Hsueh Tsai, Federico Pepe, Federico Pepe, Giovanni Mangraviti, Giovanni Mangraviti, Zhiwei Zong, Zhiwei Zong, Jan Craninckx, Jan Craninckx, Piet Wambacq, Piet Wambacq
 
Abstract 

We present a 22.5-27.7-GHz fast-lock low-phase-noise bang-bang digital phase-locked loop (PLL) for mm-wave communication. The fast lock is achieved with the help of the proposed gear-shift algorithm,scaling up the PLL bandwidth for faster settling,and orderly reducing it for jitter performance. A digitally controlled oscillator (DCO),based on transformer feedback with a tunable source-bridged capacitor,exhibits low phase noise (PN) over a wide tuning range (FoM of -184 dBc/Hz and FoMT of -191 dBc/Hz). The PLL occupies 0.09-mm2 core area and exhibits 220-fs RMS jitter while consuming 25 mW,giving FoMRMS of -239 dB. Its settling time improves from 780 to 45 μs with our gear-shift algorithm. For 60-GHz communication,with a frequency multiplication factor of 2.5,this PLL covers all six channel frequencies of IEEE-802.11ad and is capable of supporting 128 QAM and beyond.